Ka m webata SAP nke ị nwere mmasị na nso nso a! Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP) bụ ụdị ihe ọhụrụ polymer na-arụ ọrụ. Ọ nwere ọrụ nnabata mmiri dị elu nke na-etinye mmiri ọtụtụ narị na ọtụtụ puku ugboro dị arọ karịa onwe ya, ma nwee arụmọrụ njigide mmiri dị mma. Ozugbo ọ na-amịkọrọ mmiri wee fụọ n'ime hydrogel, ọ na-esiri ike ikewa mmiri ahụ ọbụlagodi ma ọ bụrụ na a na-agbanye ya. Ya mere, ọ nwere ọtụtụ ihe eji eme ihe na mpaghara dị iche iche dị ka ngwaahịa ịdị ọcha nke onwe, mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ na ọrụ ugbo, na injinia obodo.
Resin super absorbent bụ ụdị macromolecules nwere otu hydrophilic na ihe ejikọtara ọnụ. Fanta na ndị ọzọ bụ nke mbụ mepụtara ya site na iji polyacrylonitrile na-ekedo starch na emesia saponifying. Dị ka akụrụngwa, e nwere usoro starch (anyadokwa, carboxymethylated, wdg), cellulose usoro (carboxymethylated, anyadokwa, wdg), sịntetik polymer usoro (polyacrylic acid, polyvinyl mmanya, polyoxye Ethylene usoro, wdg) na ọtụtụ edemede. . E jiri ya tụnyere starch na cellulose, polyacrylic acid superabsorbent resin nwere usoro uru dị ka ọnụ ahịa mmepụta dị ala, usoro dị mfe, nrụpụta dị elu, ikike ịmị mmiri siri ike, na ogologo ndụ ngwaahịa. Ọ ghọwo ebe nyocha ugbu a na mpaghara a.
Gịnị bụ ụkpụrụ nke ngwaahịa a? Ka ọ dị ugbu a, polyacrylic acid na-akpata 80% nke mmepụta resin kacha mma n'ụwa. The super absorbent resin bụ n'ozuzu polymer electrolyte nwere a hydrophilic otu na a cross-njikọ Ọdịdị. Tupu ịmịnye mmiri, ụdọ polymer dị nso na ibe ha ma jikọta ọnụ, jikọtara ya na njikọ netwọk iji mepụta usoro netwọk, iji nweta nchịkọta zuru ezu. Mgbe a na-akpakọrịta na mmiri, ụmụ irighiri mmiri na-abanye na resin site na capillary edinam na mgbasa, na ìgwè ndị ionized na yinye na-ionized na mmiri. N'ihi mgbagha electrostatic dị n'etiti otu ion na yinye, ụdọ polymer na-agbatị ma zaa. N'ihi ihe achọrọ maka nnọpụiche eletriki, ions counter enweghị ike ịkwaga n'èzí nke resin, na ọdịiche dị na ntinye ion dị n'etiti ngwọta n'ime na n'èzí resin na-eme ka nrụgide osmotic gbanwee. N'okpuru mmetụta nke nrụgide osmosis reverse, mmiri na-abanyekwa na resin iji mepụta hydrogel. N'otu oge ahụ, usoro netwọk na-ejikọta ya na njikọ hydrogen nke resin n'onwe ya na-egbochi mgbasawanye na-enweghị njedebe nke gel. Mgbe mmiri ahụ nwere ntakịrị nnu, ntụgharị osmotic nrụgide ga-ebelata, n'otu oge ahụ, n'ihi mmetụta nchebe nke counter ion, ụdọ polymer ga-ebelata, na-eme ka mbelata dị ukwuu na ike absorption nke mmiri. resin. Na mkpokọta, ikike nnabata mmiri nke resin super absorbent na 0.9% NaCl ngwọta bụ naanị ihe dịka 1/10 nke mmiri deionized. Ntinye mmiri na njide mmiri bụ akụkụ abụọ nke otu nsogbu ahụ. Lin Runxiong et al. tụlere ha na thermodynamics. N'okpuru ọnọdụ okpomọkụ na nrụgide ụfọdụ, resin super absorbent nwere ike ịmịnye mmiri ozugbo, mmiri ahụ na-abanyekwa na resin, na-ebelata enthalpy n'efu nke sistem niile ruo mgbe ọ ruru nha. Ọ bụrụ na mmiri na-esi na resin pụta, na-amụba enthalpy n'efu, ọ naghị akwado nkwụsi ike nke usoro ahụ. Nnyocha okpomọkụ dị iche iche na-egosi na 50% mmiri nke resin super absorbent na-etinye n'ime ya ka dị na netwọk gel n'elu 150ºC. Ya mere, ọ bụrụgodị na a na-etinye nrụgide na okpomọkụ nkịtị, mmiri agaghị agbanarị na resin super absorbent, nke a na-ekpebi site na njirimara thermodynamic nke resin super absorbent.
Oge ọzọ, gwa kpọmkwem ebumnuche nke SAP.
Oge nzipu: Dec-08-2021