Flocculanta na-akpọkarị "panacea ụlọ ọrụ", nke nwere ọtụtụ ngwa. Dị ka a n'aka ike siri ike-mmiri nkewa na ubi nke mmiri ọgwụgwọ, ọ nwere ike na-eji ike isi mmiri ozuzo nke nsị, flotation ọgwụgwọ na nke abụọ ọdịda mgbe sludge usoro. Enwere ike iji ya maka ọgwụgwọ ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ma ọ bụ ọgwụgwọ dị elu nke nsị mmiri. Na ọgwụgwọ mmiri, a na-enwekarị ihe ụfọdụ na-emetụta mmetụta coagulation (usoro ọgwụgwọ nke kemịkalụ), ihe ndị a dị mgbagwoju anya, gụnyere mmiri okpomọkụ, uru pH na alkalinity, ọdịdị na ntinye nke adịghị ọcha na mmiri, ọnọdụ nchekwa mmiri dị n'èzí, wdg. .
1. Mmetụta nke mmiri okpomọkụ
Mmiri mmiri na-enwe mmetụta dị ukwuu na ịṅụ ọgwụ ọjọọ, na mmiri dị ala n'oge oyi
nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na ịṅụ ọgwụ ọjọọ, nke na-edugakarị n'ịmepụta flocs ngwa ngwa na ihe dị mma na nke rụrụ arụ. Isi ihe kpatara ya bụ:
The hydrolysis nke inorganic nnu coagulant bụ mmeghachi omume endothermic, na hydrolysis nke obere okpomọkụ coagulant mmiri siri ike.
Viscosity nke mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ dị obere buru ibu, nke na-eme ka ihe na-adịghị ọcha nke Brownian na-ebelata.
mmiri na-ebelata ohere nke nkukota, nke na-adịghị eme ka destabilization na aggregation nke colloids na-emetụta uto nke flocs.
Mgbe mmiri ọkụ dị ala, a na-eme ka hydration nke ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo mma, nke na-egbochi njikọ nke colloidal particles, na-emetụtakwa ike adhesion n'etiti ihe ndị dị na colloidal.
Okpomọkụ mmiri metụtara pH nke mmiri. Mgbe okpomọkụ mmiri dị ala, uru pH nke mmiri na-abawanye, na uru pH kachasị mma maka coagulation ga-abawanye. Ya mere, n'oge oyi na mpaghara oyi, ọ na-esiri ike ịnweta mmetụta dị mma nke coagulation ọbụna ma ọ bụrụ na a na-agbakwunye nnukwu ego nke coagulant.
2. pH na Alkalinity
Uru pH bụ ihe na-egosi ma mmiri ọ̀ bụ acidic ma ọ bụ alkaline, ya bụ, ihe na-egosi itinye uche H + na mmiri. Uru pH nke mmiri raw na-emetụta kpọmkwem mmeghachi omume hydrolysis nke coagulant, ya bụ, mgbe uru pH nke mmiri mmiri dị n'ime ebe ụfọdụ, enwere ike ijide n'aka mmetụta coagulation.
Mgbe a na-agbakwunye coagulant na mmiri, ntinye H + na mmiri na-abawanye n'ihi hydrolysis nke coagulant, nke na-eme ka uru pH nke mmiri na-agbada ma na-egbochi hydrolysis. Iji dobe pH n'ime oke kacha mma, mmiri kwesịrị inwe ihe alkaline zuru oke iji kpochapụ H +. Mmiri eke nwere ihe ụfọdụ nke alkalinity (na-emekarị HCO3-), nke nwere ike imebi H + nke a na-emepụta n'oge hydrolysis nke coagulant, ma nwee mmetụta nkwụsịtụ na uru pH. Mgbe alkalinity nke mmiri raw ezughị oke ma ọ bụ agbakwunyere coagulant nke ukwuu, uru pH nke mmiri ga-agbada nke ọma, na-emebi mmetụta coagulation.
3. Mmetụta nke ọdịdị na ntinye nke adịghị ọcha na mmiri
The urughuru size na chargeability nke SS na mmiri ga-emetụta coagulation mmetụta. N'ikwu okwu n'ozuzu, dayameta urughuru bụ obere na edo, na mmetụta coagulation adịghị mma; ntinye uche nke urughuru n'ime mmiri di ala, na ihe puru omume nke nkukota ihe omuma di obere, nke na-adighi mma maka coagulation; mgbe turbidity buru ibu, iji mebie colloid na mmiri, oriri kemịkalụ achọrọ ga-abawanye nke ukwuu. Mgbe nnukwu ihe dị n'ime mmiri dị na mmiri, ọ nwere ike ịkwado ya site na ụrọ ụrọ, si otú ahụ na-agbanwe ọdịdị elu nke ihe mbụ nke colloidal, na-eme ka ihe ndị na-emepụta colloidal kwụsie ike, nke ga-emetụta mmetụta nke coagulation nke ukwuu. N'oge a, a ghaghị ịgbakwunye oxidant na mmiri iji mebie mmetụta nke ihe ndị dị ndụ , meziwanye mmetụta coagulation.
Nnu agbazere na mmiri nwekwara ike imetụta mmetụta coagulation. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, mgbe nnukwu calcium na magnesium ion dị n'ime mmiri anụ ahụ, ọ na-eme ka coagulation dị mma, ebe nnukwu Cl-adịghị akwado coagulation. N'oge idei mmiri, nnukwu mmiri turbidity nwere nnukwu humus na-abanye n'ime osisi ahụ n'ihi oke mmiri ozuzo, na usoro ọgwụgwọ tupu chlorination na coagulant na-ejikarị eme ihe dabere na nke a.
4. Mmetụta nke ọnọdụ nchekwa mmiri dị n'èzí
Ọnọdụ ndị bụ isi maka nchịkọta nke colloidal particles bụ ime ka ọkpụkpụ colloidal na-eme ka ọ ghara ịdị irè, na ime ka ihe ndị ahụ na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ na-ejikọta ibe ha. Isi ọrụ nke coagulant bụ imebi ihe nke colloidal, na mpụta hydraulic agitation bụ iji hụ na akụkụ ahụ nke colloidal nwere ike ịkpọtụrụ coagulant n'ụzọ zuru ezu, nke mere na akụkụ ahụ nke colloidal na-ejikọta ibe ha iji mepụta flocs.
Iji mee ka ụmụ irighiri ihe dị na colloidal na-ejikọta ya na coagulant, a ghaghị ịgbasa coagulant ngwa ngwa na n'otu n'otu n'akụkụ niile nke mmiri mgbe etinyere coagulant n'ime mmiri, nke a na-akpọkarị ngwakọta ngwa ngwa, nke a chọrọ n'ime 10 ruo 30. sekọnd na ọ bụghị ihe karịrị 2 nkeji na kacha.
5. Mmetụta nke ibu mmetụta mmiri
Ujo mmiri na-ezo aka na ujo mmiri n'oge ma ọ bụ nke na-abụghị oge nke mmiri raw, nke na-agbanwe na mberede. Iri mmiri nke ime obodo nke ndị na-arụ ọrụ mmiri na nhazi nke oke mmiri nke dị n'elu ga-emetụta mmiri na-abanye n'ime ụlọ ahụ, karịsịa na ọkwa mmiri kachasị elu n'oge okpomọkụ, nke na-eme ka mmiri na-abanye n'ime ụlọ ahụ na-agbanwe nke ukwuu, na-eme ka a gbanwee usoro ọgwụgwọ ugboro ugboro. nke chemicals. Na mmetụta mmiri mgbe imi adịghị mma. Ọ dị mma ịmara na mgbanwe a anaghị abawanye n'ahịrị. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ṅaa ntị na-ekiri alum na mmeghachi omume tank, ka ị ghara ibibi mmetụta coagulation n'ihi oke onunu ogwu.
6. Flocculantechekwa usoro
Na mgbakwunye na ihe ndị dị n'elu, e nwekwara ụfọdụ usoro ịzọpụta ọgwụ, dị ka ịbawanye ọnụ ọgụgụ nke oge na-akpali akpali n'ime ọdọ mmiri mmiri, ibelata mmiri ozuzo nke ihe siri ike nke ọgwụ ahụ, na-eme ka ọgwụ ahụ sie ike, na ịchekwa oriri ọgwụ.
Ọ bụrụ na polyacrylamide chọrọ ịchekwa ụgwọ ọrụ, ọ dị mkpa ịhọrọ ụdị kwesịrị ekwesị. Ụkpụrụ bụ ịhọrọ polyacrylamide na mmetụta ọgwụgwọ kachasị mma, nke dị oke ọnụ abụghị nke kachasị mma, ma ghara ịnwa ịdị ọnụ ala iji mee ka mmetụta ọgwụgwọ mmiri na-adịghị mma, ma na-abawanye ọnụ ahịa. Họrọ gị n'ụlọnga na ọ bụghị nanị na-ebelata mmiri ọdịnaya nke sludge, ma lowers na onunu ogwu nke unit gị n'ụlọnga. Mee nnwale flocculation na ihe nlele ọgwụ enyere, họrọ ụdị ọgwụ abụọ ma ọ bụ atọ nwere mmetụta nnwale dị mma, wee mee nnwale nke igwe n'otu n'otu iji hụ nsonaazụ apịtị ikpeazụ wee chọpụta ụdị ọgwụ ikpeazụ.
Polyacrylamide na-abụkarị ihe siri ike. Ọ dị mkpa ka a kwadebere ya n'ime ngwọta mmiri nwere ụfọdụ solubility. Ntinye uche na-adịkarị n'etiti 0.1% na 0.3%. Ntinye uche nke ukwuu ma ọ bụ dị oke mkpa ga-emetụta mmetụta ahụ, mebie ọgwụ ahụ, mụbaa ọnụ ahịa ya, ma gbazee polymerization granular. Mmiri maka ihe kwesịrị ịdị ọcha (dị ka mmiri mgbata), ọ bụghị nsị. Mmiri dị na ụlọ okpomọkụ zuru oke, n'ozuzu ọ dịghị kpo oku achọrọ. Mgbe okpomọkụ mmiri dị ala karịa 5 Celsius C, mgbasa na-adị ngwa ngwa, na mgbasa ozi na-eme ngwa ngwa mgbe mmiri ọkụ na-abawanye. Ma n'elu 40 ℃ ga-eme ngwangwa mmebi nke polymer na-emetụta ojiji mmetụta. N'ozuzu, mmiri mgbata dị mma maka ịkwadebe ngwọta polymer. Acid siri ike, alkali siri ike, mmiri nnu dị elu adịghị mma maka nkwadebe.
Lezienụ anya na oge ọgwụgwọ na nkwadebe nke onye ọrụ ahụ, nke mere na onye ọrụ ahụ nwere ike gbazee n'ụzọ zuru ezu na mmiri ma ọ bụghị agglomerated, ma ọ bụghị naanị na ọ ga-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe efu, kamakwa ọ na-emetụta mmetụta nke mmepụta apịtị. Uwe nzacha na pipeline na-adịkarị mfe mgbochi, na-ebute mkpofu ugboro ugboro. Ozugbo emebere ya ka ọ bụrụ ngwọta, oge nchekwa nwere oke. N'ikwu okwu n'ozuzu, mgbe ntinye ngwọta bụ 0.1%, ngwọta polymer na-abụghị anionic ekwesịghị gafere otu izu, na ngwọta cationic polymer ekwesịghị ịfe otu ụbọchị.
Mgbe nkwadebe nke onye na-elekọta ya, n'oge usoro nchịkwa, ṅaa ntị na mgbanwe nke apịtị na mmetụta nke ụrọ ahụ, ma gbanwee usoro ọgwụgwọ nke onye na-elekọta ya n'oge iji nweta oke dosing ka mma.
A ghaghị ịchekwa ọgwụ ahụ n'ụlọ nkwakọba ihe akọrọ, ma mechie akpa ọgwụ ahụ. N'iji ya mee ihe, jiri ike mee ya, ma mechie ọgwụ a na-ejighị mee ihe iji zere mmiri. N'ime nkwadebe nke ọgwụ ọgwụ, ekwesịrị ịkpachara anya ka ọ ghara ịhazi ya dịka o kwere mee, na mmiri mmiri ndị e debere ogologo oge na-adị mfe hydrolyzed na enweghị ike iji ya mee ihe.
Akụrụngwa na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma, ndị ọkachamara na-akpata ego na-enweta ego, yana ọrụ ka mma mgbe ọ na-ere ahịa; Anyị bụkwa ezinụlọ ndị jikọrọ ọnụ, onye ọ bụla na-anọnyere nzukọ ahụ uru "ịdị n'otu, mkpebi siri ike, ndidi" maka Quots makaPolyacrylamideFlocculamide Anionic Cationic Nonionic Water Treatment Polyacrylamide, Anyị ji obi ụtọ na-anabata ndị enyi si n'akụkụ niile nke ndụ kwa ụbọchị ka ha na-achụ nta imekọ ihe ọnụ ma wuo ọmarịcha ma maa mma echi." Polyelectrolyte"
Quots maka China Chemical na Waste Water Treatment, Site na ike siri ike na kredit a pụrụ ịdabere na ya, anyị anọwo ebe a iji jeere ndị ahịa anyị ozi site n'inye ogo na ọrụ kachasị elu, anyị na-ekelekwa nkwado gị n'ezie. Anyị ga-agbalịsi ike idowe aha ọma anyị dị ka ndị na-ebubata ngwa ahịa kacha mma n'ụwa. Ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ajụjụ ọ bụla ma ọ bụ kwuo, ị kwesịrịkpọtụrụ anyịn'efu.
Oge nzipu: Nov-04-2022